In malware, everything old becomes new again. An exploit may work for a time and then be mitigated, but that doesn't stop threat actors from later trying it again in a different form.
So it is with the Betabot Trojan. It was first a banking Trojan that evolved into a password stealer. Mutations along the way turned it into botnet capable of distributing malicious programs.
However, it has now changed again, security researcher Wojciech notes in an recent article.
What it has done in this latest phase is try and exploit CVE-2017–11882, a decades-old vulnerability in Window's Equation Editor that was patched in November 2017. The idea is that Betabot embeds an Object Linking and Embedding (OLE) object into a specially crafted RTF file that is attached to a Word document in order to execute commands on the victim's system.
The embedded objects (inteldriverupd1.sct, task.bat, decoy.doc, exe.exe, and 2nd.bat) all look legitimate to the victim, which helps the social engineering part of the attack. Wojciech writes that inteldriverupd1.sct allows the attacker to take advantage of the Windows Script Component. It then is able to create a new object, which will go and run the task.bat script.
Task.bat will check for presence of a "block.txt" file in the temp directory. If the file does not exist, the script will create it. At the end of the script, it starts "2nd.bat" and then deletes itself.
The last of the preliminary stages is executing the 2nd.bat script. It first starts the main exe file and then kills the Word process (winword.exe). After that, Wojciech found that it deletes the Resiliency directory from registry -- for every version -- to hide its own tracks and prevent recovery of the document.
Now, it starts to execute what it really wants. First, a connection is made to "hxxp://goog[.]com/newbuild/t.php?stats=send&thread=0", where it gets "exe.exe".
Exe.exe has multiple layers of obfuscation in it, including embedded images that are "noisy," which it then uses for the data to construct its true executable.
It also does function checks for processes (vmacthlp, vmtools, vboxservice). Should one of them be running, it will terminate.
After the new Betabot variant has been constructed from all this multistage effort, the real fun starts.
After the initial web connection is made, the malware goes through a few redirects (hxxp://sharesale[.]com for one) and ends up at hxxp://shirtbattle[.]com. It seems that the main C&C is at hxxp://onedriveservice[.]com, however.
Betabot is then let loose to burn and pillage the villagers.
The newest exploit bears watching because of all the care that goes into getting it launched and running. Hiding its tracks and its methods suggests that another payload besides Betabot could be downloaded from the C&C server if the threat actor desired.
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- Roaming Mantis Android Malware Expands Its Reach to iOS, Cryptomining
— Larry Loeb has written for many of the last century's major "dead tree" computer magazines, having been, among other things, a consulting editor for BYTE magazine and senior editor for the launch of WebWeek.