Security awareness programs and strong password policies are standard procedure in most organizations, but most enterprises don't do enough to reinforce them, according to a new survey.

According to a study published Friday by security firm Rapid7 (PDF), most companies don't go back and test their employees to see whether they have learned from security training and policy.

About two-thirds (66 percent) of enterprises do security awareness training to help users recognize and avoid phishing attacks, the study says. But only one-third (33 percent) actually test employees with simulated phishing attacks.

"While organizations want to believe that every employee will detect a phishing scam once it hits their inbox, that is often not the case," the study says.

And even some organizations that do simulated phishing attacks fail to adequately integrate those tests with their training programs, says Rohyt Belani, CEO of PhishMe, which offers phishing awareness and simulation services.

"If you only send simulated phishing emails to test your user base -- and provide training in the traditional sense at a different time -- you're not going to change behavior," Belani says. "By providing training immediately after a person falls for a simulated phish, you're providing that training within the context of the situation. But if training is noncontextual, you may as well not do it."

A similar problem occurs at the password level, according to the Rapid7 study. While 90 percent of companies surveyed have a strong password policy in place, only 56 percent of enterprises check to see whether users are employing strong passwords on services beyond their primary Windows login, the survey says.

"Immediately following the LinkedIn data breach in June 2012, Rapid7 compared leaked passwords from the 2010 Gawker Media breach with the stolen passwords of LinkedIn users, and found that the same, weak passwords publicized two years before were still being used and were often part of a larger password/passphrase," the study says.

"While Windows login can enable domain admins to require users to create stronger passwords, organizations must also ensure that all password-protected assets receive the same policy," Rapid7 says.

The study recommends implementing technical controls that test and measure end user security behavior and enforce policy.

Have a comment on this story? Please click "Add a Comment" below. If you'd like to contact Dark Reading's editors directly, send us a message.