Dark Reading is part of the Informa Tech Division of Informa PLC
This site is operated by a business or businesses owned by Informa PLC and all copyright resides with them.Informa PLC's registered office is 5 Howick Place, London SW1P 1WG. Registered in England and Wales. Number 8860726.
The 10 Most Impactful Types of Vulnerabilities for Enterprises TodayManaging system vulnerabilities is one of the old est - and most frustrating - security challenges that enterprise defenders face. Every software application and hardware device ships with intrinsic flaws - flaws that, if critical enough, attackers can exploit from anywhere in the world. It's crucial that defenders take stock of what areas of the tech stack have the most emerging, and critical, vulnerabilities they must manage. It's not just zero day vulnerabilities. Consider that CISA's Known Exploited Vulnerabilities (KEV) catalog lists vulnerabilitlies in widely used applications that are "actively exploited," and most of them are flaws that were discovered several years ago and have been fixed. There are also emerging vulnerabilities in 5G networks, cloud infrastructure, Edge applications, and firmwares to consider.
Incident Readiness and Building Response Playbook
In this special report, learn the Xs and Os of any good security incident readiness and response playbook.
Tweet This
1 Comments
User Rank: Apprentice
10/14/2015 | 3:56:45 PM
MD4
------
1990 by Ron Rivest based on Merkle Damgard
1991 Boer and Bosselaers - psuedo collisions
Same message with two different sets of initial values.
Linear attack on last 2 rounds.
1 millisecond on a 16 Mhz IBM PS/2
1996 Dobbertin - Semi freestart collisions.
Few seconds on a PC with Pentium processor.
1997 Dobbertin - Found preimages
Takes less than 1 hr on a PC.
2005 Wang - Full Collisions
Uses 2 blocks(1024 bits)
IBM P690 takes about 1 hour to find pair of first blocks.
Fastest cases take only 15 minutes.
15 seconds to 5 minutes to find the pair of second blocks.
SHA-0
----------
1993 by NIST based on MD4
2004 Biham and Chen near-collision
2004 Joux - 4 block full collision - 2^ 51 hash ops
80,000 hours of CPU hrs on a supercomputer with 256 Itanium
2 processors.
2008 boomerang attack
2 ^ 33.6
Takes less than 1 hour of PC
MD5
--------
1991 Ron Rivest
128-bit hash value
1996 Dobbertin - Semi - FreeStart Collisions
2005 Wang - Full collisions
SHA-1
----------
1995 by NIST based on MD4
160-bit hash value
2005 Wang 2005 - Theoretical collision attack
2015 Stevens - Semi- Freestart collisions
All 80 steps
Takes 10 days using
16 * 4 GTX-970 GPUs, 1 Haswell i5-4460 processor and 16GB of RAM
----