Cloud services are becoming the norm in enterprise IT, but that doesn't mean that they come without concerns. A new survey shows that nearly half of all enterprises believe that their cloud applications make them more of a target for cyberattacks. The cloud ranks third on the list of reasons executives think they might be attacked, just behind unprotected infrastructure such as Internet of Things devices (54%) and web portals (50%).

The report, the "2019 Thales Access Management Index," is based on a survey sponsored by Thales and conducted by Vanson Bourne. The survey received responses from 1,050 executives in 11 countries; it asked them questions about both their concerns and the technology they're employing to respond to those concerns.

"Organizations realize now that they are depending on cloud resources, cloud services, and cloud applications to run their business," says Francois Lasnier, vice president of authentication and access management at Thales. The realization, though, has its limits.

"When you ask a lot of the CISOs, their initial reaction is that they only use a few applications or cloud services," Lasnier says. "But when you start digging, you realize that sometimes there is a factor of 10 between what a CISO or IT administrator recognizes in the cloud application count versus what is actually the cloud usage."

Even without an accurate understanding of their cloud exposure, the IT executives are broadly aware of the threats to cloud applications. Ninety-four percent of the executives say that their organizations' security policies have been influenced by consumer breaches occurring in the last 12 months. The ongoing recognition of email as an attack vector is one of those responses.

"If you can hack into the email system of an organization, then you can start doing ID theft, and then you can start elevating your privilege," Lasnier explains. Once the process has begun, attackers can then create fake identities, navigate within the company network, and wreak havoc.

The survey shows that access management is evolving to respond to the threat facing cloud applications. According to the results, 70% of companies have begun using two-factor authentication, 53% are using single sign-on (SSO), and 36% have begun using "smart" SSO — SSO that uses policy-based privileges for individual applications and network segments, along with multiple authentication stages when privilege escalation is required.

There are ongoing contradictions in the understanding that executives bring to the issues around authentication and application access. For example, nearly half of the IT executives surveyed said that smart SSO (49%) and biometric multifactor authentication (47%) are among the best tools for protecting cloud and web access, while only 24% saw social identity credentials (using Facebook, Google, or Twitter accounts for authentication) as a best practice.

However, more than half (56%) then said that they would allow employees to log in to enterprise resources using social media credentials for authentication.

Lasnier says that the confusion is largely a result of a rapidly changing enterprise environment that has seen the cloud, bring-your-own-device efforts, exceptional employee mobility, and other factors thrown into a mix that requires secure authentication and access management for users.

The access decision that was once black and white is now multivariable, Lasnier says. "Companies are looking now not just at access management that's a single point function, but at bundling identity to provide secure access management to applications and to dictate services like encryption rules that can further protect data assets," he says.

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